In the past year, AI policy and regulation have transitioned from niche discussions to front-page news, largely influenced by OpenAI’s ChatGPT. This shift has brought both awareness of AI capabilities and limitations. Notably, 2023 witnessed the European Union’s landmark AI law, US executive orders, and specific rules in China, setting the stage for a transformative 2024.
United States: Building Momentum from 2023
In the US, AI took center stage in political discussions during 2023. President Biden’s executive order in October emphasized transparency and new standards, reflecting a pro-industry stance. The upcoming year is poised to implement the order, with a spotlight on the newly established US AI Safety Institute. Congressional actions, including potential new laws, remain uncertain, but a risk-based framework akin to the EU’s AI Act is expected.
The 2024 presidential election will significantly influence AI regulation discussions, especially concerning technology’s impact on social media platforms and misinformation.
Europe: Navigating the AI Act Landscape
The European Union’s AI Act, the world’s first comprehensive AI law, has been approved and is set to be effective in 2024. This legislative milestone will usher in a busy year for the AI sector, focusing on compliance with new rules. While many applications receive exemptions, those deemed “high risk” face stringent standards, impacting sectors such as education, healthcare, and policing.
Companies developing foundational models, like GPT-4, must adhere to the law within specified timelines. Transparency, accountability, and risk assessment will be paramount, with potential fines for non-compliance. Additionally, the EU is working on the AI Liability Directive to address compensation for those harmed by AI, further shaping the regulatory landscape.
China: Towards Comprehensive AI Legislation
China’s approach to AI regulation has been fragmented, with individual legislation for specific AI products. In June 2023, the Chinese state council announced plans for a comprehensive AI law, mirroring Europe’s AI Act. While details are scarce, a proposed “expert suggestion” version hints at a national AI office, yearly social responsibility reports, and a negative list for high-risk AI areas. The timing of the legislative process remains uncertain, but interim regulations may be introduced.
Author Introduction: Pritish Kumar Halder
As an expert in the field of AI policy and regulation, Pritish Kumar Halder brings a wealth of knowledge to the ongoing discourse. With a keen understanding of the evolving landscape, Halder’s insights contribute significantly to unraveling the complexities of AI governance. Stay tuned for more in-depth analyses from this authoritative voice in the realm of artificial intelligence.
